Questions

Q.1 How have geologists learned about Earth’s inner structure?
A.1 Geologist learned about Earth's inner structure by the invention and use of electromagnetic waves and radiation waves.
Q.2 How is Earth’s interior like an apple?
A.2 It's like an apple because the outer part is soft and the closer you get to the core the tougher it gets.
Q.3 What are the layers of the Earth?
A.3 The layers of earth are the lithosphere, asthenosphere, and the lower mantle.
Q.4 What are the characteristics of Earth’s crust, mantle, and core?
A.4 The crust is soft dirt filled with rocks, the mantle is tougher than the crust ad has dirt and rocks just like the crust but it's warmer because it's closer to the core, and lastly you have the core that is just hot liquid metal, iron and nickle.
Q.5 How is heat transferred?
A.5 Heat can be transfered in three diffrent ways. It can be transfered in radiation which is of energy from empty space. Then their is conduction which transfers heat with in a material. Lastly their is convection which transfers heat through liquid.
Q.6 What causes convection currents?
A.6 Convection currents is caused by cooler dense air sinking and warm less densed air rising.
Q.7 What causes convection currents in Earth’s mantle?
A.7 Convection currents in earth's mantle is caused by the heat from the core an the mantle it's self.
Q.8 What was Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis about the continents?
A.8 Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis was that earth's continets slowly move.
Q.9 What evidence supported Wegener’s hypothesis?
A.9 The evidence that supported Wegener’s hypothesis was that all the continets looked like they all fit together at one time, also evidence of vegitation where they couldn't grow, and lastly the founding of fossils of the same animals all over the country where they couldn't migrate back then.
Q.10 Why was Wegener’s hypothesis rejected by most scientists of his day?
A.10 It was rejected because he didn't have any phisical proof to back up his hypothisis until we advanced in our tecnology to scan the ocean and prove his theriory.
Q.11 How does sea-floor spreading provide a way for continents to move?
A.11 It causes continents to move because it drifts with the ocean causing it be pushed and drags the plate tectonics.
Q.12 What is the evidence for sea-floor spreading?
A.12 The evidence for sea-floor spreading is it's eruptions of molten material, magnetic stripes in the ocean floor, and the age of the material.
Q.13 What happens at deep-ocean trenches and why?
A.13 Deep-ocean trenches expand it's size causing oceanic crust to bend downwards.
Q.14 What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
A.14 Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mountain under water that has been made over the years by the movement of plate tectonics.
Q.15 What is the theory of plate tectonics?
A.15 The theory of plate tectonics is that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in slow constant motion driven by convection currents in the mantle causing earth's structure to change over time.
Q.16 What are the three types of plate boundaries and what are their characteristics?
A.16 The three types of boundaries are the Divergent Boundaries which is where two plates move apart from each other. Then there is the Convergent Boundarys which is where two plates come together. Finally you got the Transform Boundaries which is a place where two plates slip past each other moving in opposite directions.